










³ÏÑûÄúÀ´Ö¸µã½É½ºÀÇéÍòÕɼ¤Çé·ÉÑï¡£ÒÔÎÒÖ®Çà´º°ã»îÁ¦´´Çà´ºÖ®Î÷ÁÖ¡¢´´Çഺ֮ʱ´ú£¬´´ÍêÃÀÖ®ÍŶӡ£ ¡¾°ü×°Éè¼ÆÊé·¨Ó¦Óá¢Î÷ÁÖÉè¼Æ¡¢Êé·¨°ü×°¡¢ÖлªÎåǧÄêÎÄ»¯¾«Ë裬Êé·¨ÔÚ°ü×°ÉϵĹ㷺ӦÓá¿ Êé·¨ÒÕÊõÊÇÒ»ÖÖ³éÏóµÄÒÕÊõ£¬Ëüͨ¹ýµã»µÄÍâ±íËù±íÏÖµÄÄÚºÊǺ¬ÐîµÄ¡¢ëüëʵġ¢Éú¶¯µÄ¡¢·á¸»µÄ¡£Ë×»°Ëµ£º¸ôÐв»¸ôÀí¡£Èç¸èÎèÇÙÆåÊ«»£¬¶¼ÓëÊé·¨ÓÐÏà֮ͬÀí¡£Êé·¨ÓÐÒôÀÖµÄÐýÂÉ£¬ËûÓÚÎÞÉùÖ®ÖгäÂúÁË¿ìÂýºÍг½Ú×࣬ǿÈõͳһµÄƪÕ£¬ËüÊÇÎÞÉùµÄÒôÀÖ£»Êé·¨ÓÐÎ赸µÄ·ç×Ë£¬¸©ÑöÓÐÖ£¬ÌøÔ¾ÉúÉñµÄ¶¯Ì¬£¬ËüÊǾ²Ö¹µÄÎ赸£»Êé·¨ÓÐÎÄѧµÄÕ·¨£¬ÓÐÆð³ÐתºÏ£¬ÓкôÓ¦£¬Óи߳±£¬ÓÐÖØµã£¬Óнá⣬ÊÇÒ첽ͬÇ÷µÄÎÄѧ£»Êé·¨Óл滵ľӪλÖã¬ÐéʵÏàÉú£¬ÉñÇéÔÏÖ£¬Å¨µÕÕÓ³£¬ÊÇÎ޲ʵĻ滣¬´ËÍ⣬Êé·¨»¹ÓÐÊ«µÄÔÏÂÉ£¬ÆåµÄ²¼ÕóµÈµÈ¡£ °ü×°ÊÇÆ·ÅÆÎÄ»¯µÄÑÓÉ졣͸¹ý°ü×°£¬ÆóÒµÆ·ÅÆÐÎÏó²ÅÄܵÃÒÔÈ·Á¢£¬½ø¶øÔÚ¼¤ÁÒµÄÊг¡¾ºÕùÖÐÎȲÙʤȯ¡£ÔÚÎÒ¹ú²úÆ·°ü×°Éè¼ÆÖУ¬Êé·¨ÔªËØµÄÉøÈëÊÇÀúÊ·µÄ±ØÈ»¡£ÖйúÊé·¨µÄÐýÂÉÃÀ¡¢ÐÎÌåÃÀ¡¢Òâ¾³ÃÀÒÑÔ½À´Ô½±»ÏÖ´úÉè¼Æ¼ÒËù²ÉÓ㬲¢¸³ÓèÁËÏÖ´úÉè¼Æ¶ÀÌØµÄÃñ×å·ç¸ñºÍʱ´úÌØÉ«¡£Ëæ×ÅÐÂÊÀ¼ÍµÄµ½À´£¬ÏÖ´úÃÀѧ˼ÏëµÄ²»¶Ï½ø²½£¬ÎÒÃÇ´ÓÖйúÊé·¨ÎÄ»¯·ûºÅÖÐÌáÈ¡ÔªËØ£¬½«ÆäºÏÀíÔËÓÃÔÚ°ü×°Éè¼ÆÉÏ£¬²¢Ê¹Ö®ÓëÏÖ´ú¿Æ¼¼Ç¡µ±Èںϣ¬ÐγɾßÓÐʱ´úÐÔµÄÐÂÉè¼Æ·ç¸ñ£¬Êǵ±Ç°Ñо¿µÄÖØÒªÄÚÈÝ¡£ ÈÕ±¾È˷dz£Ï²»¶ÖйúµÄºº×Ö£¬¶ÔÖйúÊé·¨Ñо¿µÃ·Ç³£Í¸³¹¡£ÔçÔÚÌÆ´úÖйúÊé·¨¾Í´«µ½ÈÕ±¾¡£ÈÕ±¾ÈËͨ¹ý·´¸´Ì½Ë÷ºÍʵ¼ùÐγÉÁ˾ßÓÐÈÕ±¾ÌØÉ«µÄÊé·¨ÒÕÊõÐÎʽ¡£ÈÕ±¾Éè¼ÆÊ¦¹ã·º²ÉÓÃÊé·¨×ÖÌå½øÐд´ÒâÉè¼Æ£¬Ë®Ä«ÎÄ»¯ÔÚÉÌÆ·°ü×°Éϵõ½ºÜºÃÌåÏÖ¡£Êé·¨×ÖÌåÒòÆä²úÉúµÄÄê´ú²»Í¬·ç¸ñ¸÷Ò죬½«ÆäÓ¦ÓÃÔÚ×°äêÉè¼ÆÉÏЧ¹û¶ÀÌØ¡£¾ßÓзḻµÄ±íÏÖÁ¦ºÍÒÕÊõ¸ÐȾÁ¦£¬Äܹ»³ä·ÖÌåÏÖÉÌÆ·µÄµØÓòÎÄ»¯ÌØÉ«¡£ÔÚ´´Ôì¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Éè¼ÆÊ¦³ä·Ö¿¼ÂÇÉÌÆ·±¾ÉíµÄÌØÕ÷£¬²¢×¢ÒâÓëÆäËüÉè¼ÆÒªËØÖ®¼äµÄе÷¹ØÏµ¡£×ÖÌåÉè¼Æ»òäìÈ÷Á÷³©¡¢ÆÃÄ«×ÔÈ磻»òÇåÐÂÈåÑÅ¡¢¶ËׯÐãÀö¡£ÐÎʽ¶à×˶à²Ê£¬¸»ÓнÚ×à¸ÐºÍÔÏÂÉÃÀ¡£¾ßÓм«Ç¿µÄÊÓ¾õ³å»÷Á¦£¬Äܹ»Îª»ÃæÔöÌíÎÞÇîµÄ÷ÈÁ¦¡£ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÔÚÈÕ±¾°ü×°ÖиÐÊܵ½Öлª´«Í³ÎÄ»¯µÄÉñÔÏ¡£ÖйúÊÇÊé·¨ÒÕÊõµÄ±Ç׿£¬¿ÉÔÚÉè¼ÆÉÏÈÕ±¾È´×ßÔÚÁËÖйúµÄÇ°Ãæ£¬ÕâÊÇÒýÆðÖйúÉè¼ÆÊ¦ÖØÊÓµÄÎÊÌâ¡£ ÔÚÊÓ¾õ´«´ïÉè¼ÆÖУ¬Í¼¡¢ÎÄ¡¢É«Êǹ¹³ÉÒ»¼þ×÷Æ·µÄ»ù±¾ÔªËØ£¬¶øÍ¼ÐΡ¢ÎÄ×ÖÔòÆðµ½Ö÷µ¼×÷Óá£ÎÄ×ÖÔÚÉè¼ÆÖÐÔ½À´Ô½ÖØÒª£¬ËùÒÔ¾ÍÒªÇó°ü×°Éè¼ÆÈËÔ±ÎÞÂÛÔÚͼÐΡ¢ÎÄ×Ö¡¢É«²ÊµÈ¶¼Òª±êÐÂÁ¢Ò죬ÔÚ¹¹Ë¼ÉÏÁ¦ÇóÐÂÓ±±ðÖ¡£ÓÐЩÉè¼ÆÍùÍùÅÇ»²ÔÚÃÀÊõ×ֵı仯£¬¶ø¶ÔÊé·¨ÒÕÊõÈ´ºÜÉÙÓ¦ÓúͽøÒ»²½Ñо¿¡£µ±È»ÃÀÊõ×ÖÓÐÆä×Ô¼ºµÄÓŵ㣬ËüÓÐÕûÆë¡¢¹æ·¶¡¢ÑϽ÷Ö®ÃÀ¡£µ«ÊÇÓÐЩ°ü×°Éè¼Æ¹ý·Ö½²¾¿ÑϽ÷£¬ÓÖÏÔµÃÓÐЩ´ô°å£¬È±ÉÙÈËÇé棬´ï²»µ½Ò»ÖÖÀíÏëµÄ¾³½ç£¬¶øÊé·¨ÒÕÊõÔòÄܹ»ÃÖ²¹ÕâЩ²»×ã¡£²ÉÓùÅÌå×ÖÄÜʹÈ˶԰ü×°ÉÌÆ·²úÉúÒ»ÖÖÃû¹ó¡¢¹ÅÉ«¹ÅÏãµÄ¸Ð¾õ£¬ÌرðÊÊÓÃÓڹŶ¡¢Ê×ÊΡ¢ÓñÆ÷¡¢ÍÁÌØ²úÆ·µÄ°ü×°Éè¼Æ£»²ÉÓÃÕýÊéÌåÔò»á¸øÈËÒ»ÖÖÏÖ´ú¡¢×¯ÖØ¡¢ÔÈÕûµÄ¸Ð¾õ¡£×ÖÌåÓнá×ÖÆ½ÎÈ£¬±Êʵī³ÁÖ®ÌØµã£¬ÊÊÓÃÓÚ¶àÖÖ»úµç²úÆ·£¬ÇṤ²úÆ·ÒÔ¼°Ê³Æ·¡¢ÒûÁϵȣ»²ÉÓÃ×Êé»á¸øÈËÒÔÓº¿Í´ó·½¡¢¹ÅÆÓ¸ßÑŵį·ÖÊ£¬×ÖÌåÓнî¹Ç·áÓ¯£¬åÙ¾¢Ô²×ª£¬¸»Óнðʯ֮Òâζ£»ÌرðÊÇ×ÊéµÄ³éÏóȤζÐÔÔÚ½ü´úµÄ׿ÌÉϳ£³£±»¼ÓÒÔÒÕÊõ»¯£¬ËùÒÔ£¬ÔÚÏÖ´úµÄÓ¦ÓÃÃÀÊõÖУ¬ÓÈÆäÊǹúÄÚÉè¼ÆÕß¶à°Ñ×ÊéÓ¦ÓÃÓÚºØÄ꿨¡¢Çë¼í¡¢»ÕÕ¡¢Í¼°¸µÈ·½Ãæ¡£Á¥ÊéµÄÇ¿ÈõÐéʵ£¬¸©ÑöÏò±³£¬·ÊÊÝ·½Ô²£¬´óСÖ÷´ÎÖ®·ç¸ñ£»²ÝÊéµÄÌåÊÆ·Å×Ý£¬ÇáÖØ»º¼±£¬Íñת±¼·Å¡¢Á¬Ãà»ØÈÆ£¬¸øÈËÓÐÒ⶯Éñ·ÉÖ®Òâ¾³£»ÐÐÊéµÄŨµÏàÓ³£¬¶¯¾²¼æÓУ¬ÓÐÑô¸ÕÖ®ÃÀ¡£²ÝÊé×ÖÌåÐÐÊéͬÑùÁ鶯»îÆÃ£¬»¹¼æ¾ßÓÐ×ÖÐÎÒ×ʶ£¬Êéд¿ì½ÝµÈÌØµã£¬ÔÚÑ̾ưü×°¡¢Êé¼®×°ìõ¡¢¹ã¸æÕÐÌùµÈ·½ÃæÊ¹Óý϶࣬Êé·¨ÒÕÊõÖеÄÕâÖÖÃÀ¸Ð¶¼ÓÐÖúÓÚÎÒÃǶÔËùÒªÉè¼ÆµÄÖ÷Ìâ½øÐиüÉîµÄ·¢»Ó£¬ÒÔÈ¡µÃ¸üºÃµÄÉè¼ÆÐ§¹û¡£×ÜÖ®£¬Êé·¨ÒÕÊõµÄÇ¡µ±ÔËÓã¬»á¸øÈËÒÔ¼«¸ßµÄÉóÃÀ¾³½ç£¬¼´Ê¹ÊDz»¶®ÖÐÎĵÄÍâ¹úÈËҲΪ֮Çãµ½£¬ËüµÄÃÀºÍ¸ÐȾÁ¦ÊÇÃÀÊõ×ÖËù²»ÄÜÌæ´úµÄ¡£ ½ü¼¸Ä꣬Êé·¨ÒÕÊõÔ½À´Ô½±»Éè¼Æ½çËùÖØÊÓ£¬Ò»Ð©ÓÅÐãµÄ°ü×°×÷Æ·Ó¦Ô˶øÉú£¬ÕâЩ×÷Æ·²»µ«Ê¹Ïû·ÑÕßÐÀÉ͵½ÁËÊé·¨ÒÕÊõÖ®ÃÀ£¬¶øÇÒ¾ßÓм«¸ßµÄÊղؼÛÖµ¡£ÎÒ¹úÐí¶à²èÒ¶°ü×°£¬ÔÚdzÂÌÉ«µÄµ××ÓÉϲÝÊé»òÐÐÊéÒ»¸ö²è×Ó£¬ÓÒϲ¿ÔÙÅäÉÏÒ»±Çå´¿µÄ²èË®£¬¼ÈÔÚ×°ÊÎÉÏÆðÁ˺ܺõÄЧ¹û£¬ÓÖͬÉÌÆ·µÄ±¾ÖʺÜе÷¡£Ò»Ð©Êé¼®µÄ·âÃæÉè¼Æ£¬ÌرðÊÇ´«Í³ÎÄ»¯·ÝÁ¿½ÏÖØµÄÊé¼®ÍùÍù¶¼ÓÉÊé·¨¼ÒÌâдÊéÃû£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏÉÙÐíÃÀ»¯£¬ºÜ¾ßÓеäÑÅ¡¢ÄÚº·á¸»µÄÆ·ÖÊ¡£ÔÚһЩ·çζС³Ô¡¢·½±ãʳƷ°ü×°£¬ÎÄ×ÖÅÅÁб仯·á¸»£¬×·Çó»îÆÃ¡¢ÌøÔ¾¡¢¶¯¸ÐµÄ±íÏÖЧ¹û¡£ÔÚµç×ÓÐÅÏ¢²úÆ·°ü×°ÖУ¬Ò»°ãʹÓüò½à¡¢Ê±ÉС¢ÐÑÄ¿µÄ×ÖÌ壬ÅäÒÔÁé»î¶à±äµÄÅÅÁÐÐÎʽ¡£ÌåÏÖÉÌÆ·µÄʱ´úÌØÕ÷ºÍ¸ß¿Æ¼¼ÌØÉ«¡£ÕâÊǶ¼³ä·ÖÓ¦ÓÃÁËÖйúÊé·¨ÒÕÊõµÄ×°ÊÎÃÀ¶øÈ¡µÃµÄºÜºÃЧ¹û¡£Êé·¨ÒÕÊõµÄÔËÓÃʹÕû¸öÉè¼ÆÍ»³öÁËÉÌÆ·¸ß¹ó¡¢µäÑÅ¡¢¼òÔ¼¡¢Ê±ÉеÄÉè¼Æ·ç¸ñ¡£ ÓÉÓÚÉÌÆ·Æ·ÅƵĶ¨Î»¡¢²úÆ·¶¨Î»¡¢Ïû·ÑÕß¶¨Î»µÄ²»Í¬£¬Êé·¨ÒÕÊõÒ²»áÓÐËù²»Í¬¡£ÈçÄÐÅ®»¯×±Æ·Àà¡¢¾ÆÀà¡¢ÏãÑÌÀࡢʳƷÀàµÈµÈ¡£×·ÇóÊé·¨×ÖÌåÆøÊÆ±¼·Å¡¢±ÊÄ«·É½¦µÄÒÕÊõЧ¹û£»×·Çó×ÖÌåÔÚ¿ìËÙÐбÊÔËÄ«ÖеķɰײԾ¢Ö®ÃÀ¡£×ÖÀïÐмäÔ̺¬×ÅÒ»ÖÖÇáËÉ×ÔÈ»¶ø´øÓÐÈËÎÄÉ«²ÊµÄÇéµ÷£¬ÈÃÈËÌåζµ½ÆäÖÐÉî²Ø×ŵÄÎÄ»¯ÄÚº£¬´ïµ½Ò»ÖÖÈçÊ«È绵ÄÒâ¾³ÃÀ¡£Ëæ×ÅÉç»áµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬¿ÆÑ§¼¼ÊõµÄ²»¶Ï½ø²½£¬±ê×¼»¯¡¢Í³Ò»»¯¡¢ÅúÁ¿»¯µÄ°ü×°Éè¼Æ½«ÈÕÒæÊܵ½ÀäÂä¡£ËüÃÇÁîÈ˸е½µ¥µ÷·¦Î¶¡¢Ç§ÆªÒ»ÂÉ£¬ÉÙÉú¶¯ÐԺͶàÔªÐÔ¡£ÄÐÐÔ°ü×°Êé·¨ÔòÒª´ÖáîºÀÂõ£¬Å®ÐÔÔòÒªµäÑÅÈáÃÀ¡¢¶ùͯÓÃÆ·¡¢ÂÃÓβúÆ·µÄ°ü×°×ÖÌåÔòÒªÌìÕæÖÉ×¾£¬Éú¶¯»îÆÃ£¬Ã÷¿ì»¶Ô¾£¬ÓÐÏÊÃ÷µÄ½Ú×àÔÏÂɸУ¬¸øÈËÒÔÉú»ú°»È»µÄ¸ÐÊܵȵȡ£ÕâЩ°ü×°Éè¼ÆÖÐÊé·¨µÄÔËÓÃÇ¡µ±Óë·ñ£¬ÐèÒª°ü×°Éè¼ÆÈËÔ±ÉîÈëÉú»î£¬×¢Öص÷ÑУ¬ÅàÑø×Ô¼ºµÄÒÕÊõÐÞÑø£¬Ö»ÓÐÕâÑù£¬²ÅÄÜ´ó´ó·á¸»ÎÒÃǵÄÉè¼Æ¹¹Ë¼ºÍÉè¼ÆÓïÑÔ£¬Ê¹×÷Æ·¸ü¾ßÌØÓеÄÒÕÊõ÷ÈÁ¦¡£Êé·¨ÒÕÊõËù×ñѵÄÔìÐÍ·¨ÔòÓëÏÖ´úÉè¼ÆÖеÄÉè¼ÆÒòËØÓÐ×ÅÒìÇúͬ¹¤µÄ×·Çó¡£Êé·¨ÒÔÐÎдÒ⣬ÉáÐÎÇóÉñ¡£ÎÞÂÛÔڽṹ¡¢Õ·¨£¬Á¦Á¿»¹ÊÇÔÚÇéÐ÷É϶¼ÓëÉè¼ÆÏ¢Ï¢Ïà¹Ø¡£ÀýÈçÊé·¨Óë²úÆ·°ü×°Éè¼ÆÒÕÊõ¶¼×ñѵ÷ºÍ£¬¶Ô±È¡¢¶Ô³Æ¡¢¾ùºâ¡¢Âɶ¯µÈÐÎʽÃÀµÄÒ»°ã·¨Ôò¡£Í¨¹ýÕâЩ¹²Í¨µã£¬×÷Ϊһ¸ö°ü×°Éè¼ÆÊ¦¿ÉÒÔ¸ù¾Ý²»Í¬µÄ²úÆ·¶¨Î»À´°²ÅŲ»Í¬µÄ»Ãæ×éºÏ£¬ÒÔ´ïµ½Ô¤ÆÚµÄÄ¿µÄ¡£³ýÁËÏßÌõÍâÊé·¨»¹ÓÐÒ»¸öÌØµãÊÇÖµµÃ°ü×°Éè¼Æ½è¼øµÄ£¬ÄǾÍÊÇÊé·¨Ëù±íÏÖ³öÀ´µÄ¿Õ¼ä¸Ð£¬¼´Êé·¨µÄ²¼¾Ö¡£Êé·¨ÔڽṹÉϽ²¾¿Ç彡ÊèÀÊ£¬½ô´ÕÕûÆë£¬²Î²î´íÂ䣬ͳһºÍг£¬µÈ¹¹³ÉÔÔò£¬ÁýͳµÄ˵¾ÍÊÇÒª°Ñ×ÖÓë×ÖÔÚÖ½ÉÏ»®·ÖµÄ¿Õ¼ä¿´³ÉÒ»¸öÕûÌåÀ´°²ÅÅ¡£¶ÔÓÚ°ü×°Éè¼ÆÀ´Ëµ£¬¾ÍÊÇÒª´¦ÀíºÃÄÚÍâ°ü×°µÄ¿Õ¼ä¹ØÏµ¡£±ÈÈçÒ»¸ö×éºÏ°ü×°£¬ÈçºÎ°Ñ¸÷¸ö²¿·Ö°²ÅÅÔÚÒ»Æð£¬Ê¹ÉÌÆ·ÐγÉÒ»¸öͳһµÄÊÓ¾õÐÎÏó¡£ÓÐÁËÊé·¨ÕâÒ»²ãÁªÏµ£¬Éè¼ÆÊ¦±ãÓÐÁ˸ü¶àµÄÁé¸Ð¡£Óɴ˿ɼû£¬Êé·¨ÒÕÊõÖеĶþάÁ¬Ðø¿Õ¼ä×éºÏȺÒâʶ£¬¿ÉÒÔ´ó´óÀ©Õ¹Éè¼ÆÊ¦µÄ˼·ºÍÊÓÒ°£¬Ôö¼ÓÉè¼ÆµÄÔìÐÍȤ棬¶ÔÓÚÉè¼ÆÕßÇéÐ÷µÄ±íÏÖ´ú°ü×°Éè¼ÆÖдóÁ¿Ó¦ÓÃÊé·¨ÔªËØ£¬Ê¹ÎÒÃǸоõµ½ÓÐÒ»ÖÖÖйúÒÕÊõÌØÓеÄÐÎʽ¸ÐÔÚÀïÃæ£¬±íÏÖ×ÅÖйúÓÆ¾ÃÉñÃØ¡¢¶øÓÖ²©´ó¾«ÉîµÄÀúÊ·ÎÄ»¯¡£
Êé·¨×ÖÌåÔÚÏÖ´ú°ü×°Éè¼ÆÉϵÄÒÕÊõÌåÏÖÊǶàÑù»¯µÄ£¬ÎÞÂÛÊÇ×ÖÌå·ç¸ñÓ¦Óû¹ÊÇÊé·¨×ÖÌåÊéд¹æ·¶¶¼¶ÔÏÖ´ú°ü×°Éè¼ÆÆðµ½ÉîÔ¶µÄÒÕÊõÓ°ÏìÁ¦¡£Õâ¾ÍÒªÇó×÷ÎªÆ½ÃæÉè¼ÆÊ¦µÄÎÒÃÇ×ÐϸÑо¿°ü×°ÓëÊé·¨Ö®¼äǧ˿ÍòÂÆµÄ¹ØÏµ£¬°ÑÊé·¨µÄÒÕÊõÎÄ»¯ÒýÈëµ½ÏÖ´úÉè¼Æµ±ÖÐÀ´£¬ÎªÎÒÃǵİü×°Éè¼ÆÌîÉÏһĨ¾ßÓÐÎÄ»¯Éî¿ÌÄÚºµÄÄ«¼£¡£